An interactive Rudolph diagram

The Rudolph diagram

This shows the relationship between closo-, nido- and arachno- cluster geometries with 4 to 12 cluster vertices. The arrows connect clusters with the same number of electron pairs for cluster bonding. The number of electron pairs is given by n + 1 where n is the number of atoms in the closo anion at the start of the arrow. Use the mouse to rotate the molecules. This page loads slowly – please be patient.

polyhedron	closo	nido	arachno	vertices
tetrahedron	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	4
trigonal bipyramid	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	5
octahedron	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	6
pentagonal bipyramid	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	7
dodecahedron	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	8
capped Archimedean antiprism	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	9
bicapped Archimedean antiprism	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	10
octadecahedron	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>		11
icosahedron	<p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p>			12

The Rudolph diagram

polyhedron

closo

nido

arachno

vertices